Laboratory Content, Consumables, and Experiment Specific Equipment Cost Correlations:
(for 25 students)

Small-Scale Experiments Based on Chemtrek:
Small-Scale Experiments for General Chemistry by Stephen Thompson		 Traditional Experiments based on Chemistry:
The Molecular Science by Olmsted/Williams
   
Spectroscopy Spectroscopy
  • Spectroscopy: The Interaction of Light and Matter (ch. 2)
    • Characterization of a Transmission Diffraction Grating
    • Exploring Spectroscope Specifications
    • Wavelength Calibration of the Spectroscope
    • A Comparison of Continuous Emission Spectra
    • Atomic Line Spectra and Electronic Transitions; Electrical Emission Tubes
    • Flame Emission Spectra
  • Visible Absorption Measurements (ch. 6)
  • The Visible Atomic Spectrum of Hydrogen (ch. 17)
  • A Colorimetric Determination of Aspirin in Commercial Preparations (ch. 20)
Consumables: $6.44
Experiment Specific Equipment: $540.43		 Consumables: $592.33
Experiment Specific Equipment: $9588.60
   
Techniques in Mass & Volume Transfer & Measurement Techniques in Mass & Volume Transfer & Measurement
  • Small-Scale Techniques and the Absorption of Light (ch. 3)
    • An Introduction to Small-Scale Scientific Apparatus
    • Making a Microburner
    • Making Microburets
    • General Microburet Techniques
    • Microburet Calibration for Quantitative Volumetric Work
    • Quantitative Dilution of Solutions
    • Standard Color Solutions and Colorimetry
    • The Factors that Govern the Absorption of Light
    • Colorimetric Analysis of a Beverage
    • Solution Absorption Spectrophotometry
  • Mass Measurements (ch. 3)
  • Volume Measurements of Liquids (ch. 4)
Consumables: $0.11
Experiment Specific Equipment: $0.00		 Consumables: $80.69
Experiment Specific Equipment: $2423.75
   
Instruments-The Gas Laws Instruments-The Gas Laws
  • Instruments: What They Do and What They Don't (ch. 5)
    • Basic Electronics
    • The Operation of a Digital/Analog Multimeter as a Measurement Instrument
    • A Semiconductor Silicon Temperature Sensor System
    • The Constuction and Calibration of a Gas Thermometer
    • An Extended Range Gas Thermometer
    • A Novel Pressure Gauge Balance
 
Consumables: $10.23
Experiment Specific Equipment: $204.50		 Consumables: $119.10
Experiment Specific Equipment: $1596.50
   
Thermochemistry Thermochemistry
  • Thermochemistry and Solar Energy Storage (ch. 6)
    • Calibration of a Styrofoam Microcalorimeter
    • Determination of the Specific Energy of Granite Rock Used for Solar Energy Storage
    • Determination of the Heat of Crystallization of Sodium Thiosulfate Pentahydrate
    • An Assessment of the Microcalorimetric Methodology and the Storage Information Obtained
  • Enthalpy of Hydration (ch. 24)
  • Enthalpy of Neutralization (ch. 25)
  • Enthalpy of Formation of Ammonium Salts (ch. 26)
    • Consumables: $1.15
    Experiment Specific Equipment: $26.97    		 Consumables: $228.13
    Experiment Specific Equipment: $888.19
       
    Chemical Reactions in Aqueous Solutions Chemical Reactions in Aqueous Solutions
    • Solutions and Reactions (ch. 7)
      • Naming and Making Solutions
      • Solubility and Solutions
      • Solutions and Reactions
      • Four Major Types of Chemical Reaction in Aqueous Solution
      • A Chemical Reaction Survey: The Ion Reaction Chart
      • Identification of Three Unknowns
      • Five Unknowns: Solo
      • Finding General Solubility Rules
    • Detecting Signs of Chemical Change (ch. 8)
    • Studying Chemical Reactions and Writing Chemical Equations (ch. 9)
    • A Sequence of Chemical Reactions (ch. 13)
    • Stiochiometry of the Reaction of Magnesium with Hydrochloric Acid (ch. 14)
    • The Chemistry and Qualitative Analysis of Anions (ch. 36)
    Consumables: $13.20
    Experiment Specific Equipment: $20.00    		 Consumables: $262.68
    Experiment Specific Equipment: $2522.34
       
    Introduction to Acids and Bases Introduction to Acids and Bases
    • An Introduction to Acids and Bases (ch. 8)
      • Common Laboratory Acids and Bases: Necessary Facts and Some Questions
      • Indicator Color Probes for Acids and Bases
      • Microburet Construction
      • Acid-Base Titrations; Stoichiometry and Molarity
      • Eggshell and Seashell Analysis
      • Acid Concentration in Fruits: Pucker Order
    • Standardizing a Hydrochloric Acid Solution (ch. 29)
    • Standardizing a Sodium Hydroxide Solution (ch. 30)
    • Evaluations of Commercial Antacids (ch. 31)
    Consumables: $2.69
    Experiment Specific Equipment: $0.00    		 Consumables: $196.14
    Experiment Specific Equipment: $3598.00
       
    Halogens and Their Compounds Halogens and Their Compounds
    • Halogens and Their Compounds (ch. 9)
      • From Fluorine to Astatine: A Basic Introduction to the Halogens
      • The Synthesis and Reactions of Chlorine
      • A Small-Scale Pilot Plant for the Manufacture of Chlorine by the Industrial Process
      • Electrochemical Writing with a Halogen
      • Precipitation Reactions & Titration of a Halide
      • Redox Analysis of Commercial Bleach
    • Determining the Percent Sodium Hypochlorite in Commercial Bleach (ch. 32)
    Consumables: $4.46
    Experiment Specific Equipment: $0.00    		 Consumables: $113.41
    Experiment Specific Equipment: $0.00
       
    Natural Waters Natural Waters
    • The Chemistry of Natural Waters (ch. 10)
      • The Evaporation of Water Samples to Give Total Dissolved Solids
      • Divalent Cation Analysis by EDTA Titration
      • The Dissolution of Rocks
      • Important Ways of Reporting the Hardness of Water
      • Determination of the Hardness of Ground-, Spring-, and Wellwater
      • The Reaction of Divalent Cations with Soap; Soap Titrations
      • Water Softening with Commercial Water-Conditioning Agents
      • Divalent Cation Removal by Ion Exchange
    • Determining Aluminum(III) Concentrations in Natural Waters (ch. 18)
    Consumables: $2.77
    Experiment Specific Equipment: $13.50    		 Consumables: $818.97
    Experiment Specific Equipment: $2906.24
       
    Nutritional Chemistry Nutritional Chemistry
    • Vitamin C Analysis (ch. 11)
      • Optimizing the Reaction Conditions for the Determination of Vitamin C
      • Standardization of 2,6-Dichloroindophenol
      • The Analysis of a Commercial Vitamin C Tablet
      • Vitamin C Concentration in Fresh Fruit Juices
      • Analysis of a Breakfast Cereal for Vitamin C
      • Research Project
    • Determining the Acid Content of Fruit Juices (ch. 33)
    Consumables: $1.42
    Experiment Specific Equipment: $122.02    		 Consumables: $55.03
    Experiment Specific Equipment: $399.75
       
    Chemical Reaction Kinetics Chemical Reaction Kinetics
    • Kinetic Blues (ch. 13)
      • Experimental Evidence: A Review of "The System"
      • A Possible Reaction Mechanism for "The System"
      • Further Investigations of the Mechanism and a Comparison of Rates of Reaction
      • The Rate-Determining Step and the Rate Law for the Overall Reaction
      • Determination of the Order of Reaction for Fructose and Hydroxide Ion
      • Determination of the Energy of Activation
    • Kinetic Study of a Chemical Reaction (ch. 28)
    Consumables: $0.59
    Experiment Specific Equipment: $3.75    		 Consumables: $37.03
    Experiment Specific Equipment: $223.04
       
    Acid-Base Equilibria Acid-Base Equilibria
    • Acid-Base Equilibria (ch. 14)
      • Conductimetry and the Strength of Acids and Bases
      • Acid-Base Equilibria and Indicator Dyes
      • Determination of the Ka Values of Weak Acid Indicators
      • pH Measurement with Indicator Color Probes
      • The Study of Acid-Base Equilibria by Graphical Interpretation of Titration Data
      • The Titration of Polyprotic Acids
      • Calculations on Diprotic and Triprotic Acids
    • Determining the Dissociation Constant of a Weak Acid Using pH Measurement (ch. 34)
    • A Study of pH, Dissociation, Hydrolysis, and Buffers (ch. 35)
    Consumables: $2.72
    Experiment Specific Equipment: $20.00    		 Consumables: $80.68
    Experiment Specific Equipment: $990.00
       
    Redox Equilibria and Electrochemistry Redox Equilibria and Electrochemistry
    • Redox Equilibria and Electrochemistry (ch. 15)
      • Redox Reaction Investigations
      • A Small-Scale Electrochemical Cell
      • An Electrochemical Series from Cell Data
      • Electrographic Analysis of Metals
      • Nernst's Law and Potentiometric Redox Titrations
      • Lead-Acid Automobile Battery
    • Studying Electrochemistry and Establishing the Relative Reactivities of a Series of Metals (ch. 37)
    • Studying Electrochemical Cells and Reduction Potentials (ch. 38)
    Consumables: $35.20
    Experiment Specific Equipment: $0.00    		 Consumables: $100.76
    Experiment Specific Equipment: $1397.00
       
    Chromatography Chromatography
    • Paper and Liquid Chromatography
      • Paper Chromatography of Dyes
      • Moist Buffered Phase Chromatography of Nicotine
      • Calculations of the Kb of Nicotine from Chromatographic Data
      • Preparation of a Liquid Chromatography Column
      • Investigations of Column Parameters and Processes
      • Derivatization of the Silica Gel Stationary Phase
      • Chromatography of Selected Synthetic Dyes
      • LC of Beet Pigment
    • Separating and Identifying Food Dyes by Paper Chromatography (ch. 21)
    Consumables: $16.34
    Experiment Specific Equipment: $29.44    		 Consumables: $10.71
    Experiment Specific Equipment: $40.18
       
    Complexation Equilibria Complexation Equilibria
    • Zinc Links: Coordination Chemistry and Nutritional Deficiency (ch. 22)
      • The Preparation of Calibration Standards for the Quantitative Colorimetric Determination of Zinc
      • Zinc Determination in Unknown Samples
      • The Chelation of Zinc by Phytate and Other Naturally Occurring Substances
      • A Quantitative Instrumental Colorimeter for the Determination of Zinc
      • Calculation of Your Daily Zinc Intake
    • Spectrophotometric Determination of the Formula of a Complex Ion (ch. 19)
    Consumables: $3.70
    Experiment Specific Equipment: $75.48    		 Consumables: $35.71
    Experiment Specific Equipment: $0.00
       
    Total Consumables: $101.02
    Total Experiment Specific Equipment: $1,056.09    		 Total Consumables: $2731.37
    Total Experiment Specific Equipment: $26,573.59

     

    Additional Small-Scale Experiments Done in Chemtrek:
    Small-Scale Experiments for General Chemistry by Stephen Thompson
     
    The System (ch. 1)
    Consumables: $0.87
    Experiment Specific Equipment: $8.25
     
    The Use and Abuse of Aluminum and Its Compounds (ch. 4)
      • The Aluminum Can
      • Recycling Aluminum: The Synthesis of Alum (Potassium Aluminum Sulfate)
      • Qualitative Analysis of an Alum Sample
      • A Pratical Use for the Reaction of Aluminum with a Base
    Consumables: $3.25
    Experiment Specific Equipment: $5.00
     
    Alcohol Abuse: Chemical Tests for Intoxication (ch. 12)
      • Preparation of a Set of Colorimetric Standards for the Determination of Ethanol
      • The Analysis of Unknown Samples Containing Ethanol
      • An Exploration of the Relationship between Chemical Structure and the Chemical and Physiological Behavior of Alcohols
      • Drinking and Drivig . . . A Sad Story
    Consumables: $2.75
    Experiment Specific Equipment: $2.75
     
    Acid Deposition (ch. 16)
      • Design and Characterization of a Probe System for Acidity and Alkalinity
      • A Chemical Reaction Source for Nitric Oxide and Exploration of the Atmospheric Transport and Reactions of NOx with Raindrops
      • Cloud Formation and Cloud Scavenging of NOx
      • Redox Chemistry of NOx
      • The Susceptibility of Lakes to Acid Deposition-Model Studies
      • Source, Transport, and Deposition Reactions of Sulfur Dioxide (SO2)
      • Heterogeneous Oxidation of SO2 to Sulfur Trioxide (SO3) and Sulfuric Acid (H2SO4) by Hydrogen Peroxide (H2O2) in Raindrops and Cloud Drops
      • The Effects of Acid Deposition on Naturally Occurring Minerals and on Construction Materials
      • The Effects of SO2 on Plants
      • Putting It All Together: Acid Deposition from NOx plus SOx
      • Space Shuttle Launches: An Example of Severe Local Hydrochloric Acid Deposition
    Consumables: $6.05
    Experiment Specific Equipment: $11.24
     
    Gas Chromatography (ch. 19)
      • The Construction of a Gas Chromatograph
      • Measurements of the Retention Time of Air and the Gas Flow Rate
      • Measurements of the Retention Times of Halocarbons
      • GC Seperation of Halocarbon Mixtures
      • GC Analysis of Industrial Products Optimizing a GC System: The Van Deemter Plot
      • Quantitative Analysis by GC with Photodetection
    Consumables: $11.88
    Experiment Specific Equipment: $169.65
     
    Surface Chemistry: Bubbles and Films (ch. 20)
      • The Measurement of Surface Tension by Capillary Rise Techniques
      • Langmuir-Blodgett Pockels Techniques and Oil Spill Chemistry
      • Some Properties of Soap Films
      • Minimum-Distance Networks and Soap Film Computers
      • Three-Dimensional Systems: Bubbles and Films on Frames
      • Free and Captive Bubbles and So Froth
      • Fun with Big Bubbles
    Consumables: $3.53
    Experiment Specific Equipment: $45.15
     
    Natural Products Chemistry: Anthocyanins as Food Dyes (ch. 21)
      • The Extraction of Plant Dyes
      • Anthocyanin Purification by Chromatography
      • The Solution Chemistry of Anthocyanins
      • Spectroscopy of Anthocyanins
      • Anthocyanin Synthesis
      • The Evaluation of Anthocyanins and Betacyanins as Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Dyes
    Consumables: $3.45
    Experiment Specific Equipment: $4819.88

    Information last updated on .
    This page has been accessed times.